Artificial abrasive paper, sandpaper belt and emery cloth roll are divided into several categories like corundum series, carbide series, and superhard series. The brief manufacturing methods, characteristics, and grinding objects for each type of sandpaper belt and cloth roll are described below.
So, what are the corundum series of artificial abrasive paper, sandpaper belt and emery cloth roll? Let's take a look together.
The artificial abrasive paper, sandpaper belt and emery cloth roll that belong to the corundum series include brown corundum, white corundum, zirconium corundum, microcrystalline corundum, monocrystalline corundum, chromium corundum, praseodymium neodymium corundum, black corundum, and sintered bauxite corundum.
Brown corundum is made by smelting alumina, smokeless coal, and iron filings in an electric arc furnace. It has strong anti-fracture ability, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance, and has good chemical stability. It is a widely used abrasive paper, sandpaper belt and emery cloth roll.
It is suitable for grinding high-tensile strength metals such as ordinary carbon steel, hard bronze, and alloy steel for fine and precision grinding, as well as processing threads and gears. White corundum can also be used for precision casting and advanced refractory materials.
The smelting process of chromium corundum is the same as that of white corundum, with the addition of a certain amount of chromium oxide in the smelting process, resulting in a light purple or rose color.
Due to the introduction of Cr3+, the toughness of abrasive paper, emery cloth roll, and sand belt is improved in chromium corundum. Its toughness is higher than that of white corundum, while its hardness is similar to that of white corundum, making its processing efficiency higher when processing materials with high toughness.
The surface finish of the workpiece is also better. Chromium corundum is suitable for processing workpieces with high toughness and high surface finish requirements, such as quenched steel, alloy steel, precision molds, and instrument parts.
Microcrystalline corundum has the characteristics of high strength and large toughness. Sandpaper belt and emery cloth roll made of microcrystalline corundum are suitable for heavy-load grinding. They can grind stainless steel, carbon steel, bearing steel, and special nodular cast iron materials. As the abrasive grains are in a slightly shattered state during the grinding process, they are also used for precision and even mirror grinding.
Monocrystalline corundum is made of alumina, smokeless coal, iron filings, and magnetite in an electric arc furnace, which co-melts the oxides of aluminum, silicon, and titanium in bauxite, and the oxides of manganese, zinc, copper, and other impurities. After being cooled and crystallized, it is formed into various natural sizes of abrasive paper, sand belt, and sand emery cloth roll.
Due to its high hardness and toughness, monocrystalline corundum abrasive paper, sandpaper belt and emery cloth roll have strong cutting ability and can be used to process difficult-to-grind materials such as tool steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, and high barium steel with high toughness and hardness.
Zirconium corundum is made of aluminum oxide powder and zircon, and is smelted at high temperatures in an electric arc furnace. The entire process is basically a melting and recrystallization process.
Zirconium corundum abrasive paper, sandpaper belt and emery cloth roll are suitable for high-speed heavy-load grinding, and can be used for rough grinding of cast iron, cast steel, alloy steel, and high-speed steel. They are particularly suitable for grinding titanium alloys, heat-resistant alloys, high-vanadium steel, and stainless steel.
The manufacturing process of praseodymium neodymium corundum is similar to that of white corundum, except that about 0.175% of a praseodymium neodymium-enriched material (praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide, and lanthanum oxide) is added during the smelting process.
A large number of grinding tests have shown that its grinding performance is better than that of white corundum. Praseodymium neodymium corundum abrasive paper, sandpaper belt and emery cloth roll are suitable for grinding stainless steel, high-speed steel, cast iron, high-manganese cast steel, and some heat-resistant alloys.
Black corundum has good self-sharpening, low heat generation during grinding, and good surface finish of the processed components. It is suitable for polishing the bottom surface of parts before electroplating and the polishing of aluminum products and stainless steel. It can also be used for polishing optical glass and processing wood, because of its good hydrophilicity.
It can be used to manufacture sandpaper, sand cloth and resin abrasive tools, and can also be used as grinding paste and polishing powder. Due to its high iron content, black corundum is not suitable for manufacturing ceramic grinding tools.
Sintered bauxite corundum is the only corundum that is not smelted in an electric furnace. It is made of high-quality calcined bauxite that has been wet-milled to a 3-micron particle slurry, and then formed into various shapes of abrasive particles by pressure filtration and sintered at 1500°C.
It has an α-Al2O3 microcrystal structure, high toughness, and can withstand greater grinding pressure without breaking. It can also cut thicker metal layers, and the lateral feed can be up to 6mm. The shape of the sandpaper, sand belt, and sand emery cloth roll can be made into various cylindrical shapes, which is the only exception among all abrasive paper, sandpaper belt and emery cloth roll. It is suitable for heavy-load rough grinding.
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